Maria Spirova
Political Representation of the Roma Minority in Bulgaria
Draft Research Paper


Paper Outline

1. Introduction
2. The need for representation of minorities in the political process
    2.1 Democratic theory and the participation of minorities
    2.2. Policy considerations
3. Forms of political participation
    3.1 National level politics
        Representation in the legislature
            Electoral laws and minority participation
            Ethnic political parties
            Political representation through multi-ethnic political parties  
        Representation in the policy-making process
    3.2 Regional and local level
           Representation in local legislatures and decision making bodies
    3.3 Complex systems of representation: self-government in Hungary
4. Representation of Ethnic Minorities in Bulgaria: Constitutional, Legal, and Political Context
    4.1 Constitutional Provisions
    4.2 Electoral Legislation
    4.3 Party Legislation
    4.4 Other State Policies
    4.5 Policies of non-ethnic specific parties towards minorities
5. Electing Roma representatives at national and regional level: trends in Bulgaria  
    5.1 General trends
    5.2 Roma participation in the electoral process through non-Roma parties
    5.3 Roma parties
    6. The many ways to Roma participation in the Bulgarian political life: the experience so far and advice from the inside
7. Recommendations for encouraging Roma representation in the political process:
    7.1 Constitutional and electoral legislation
    7.2 Initiatives to encourage the cooperation of Roma political parties during and between elections
    7.3 Initiatives to encourage non-Roma parties to nominate Roma on their lists
    7.4 Roma NGOs and political activity
    7.5 Encouraging a conscious Roma political participation at the individual level: education